Metformin (Cont.)

Metformin Effects

There have been several studies documenting the effects of metformin for type 2 diabetes. In these studies, metformin has been shown to decrease fasting blood sugar and to decrease hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). HbA1c is a test used to measure long-term blood sugar control in people with diabetes. Normal HbA1c levels are usually less than 6 percent in people without diabetes; people with diabetes usually have higher HbA1c results.
 
Studies have shown that the higher the HbA1c, the greater the chance for developing long-term problems related to diabetes. This includes such problems as heart disease, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. By getting blood sugar levels under control with metformin, it may be possible to decrease the chances for developing these diabetes complications.
 
Some studies also suggest that metformin may lead to weight loss (see Metformin and Weight Loss).
 
(Click Benefits of Metformin for more specific information on the beneficial effects of metformin.)
 

When and How to Take Metformin

Some general considerations for when and how to take metformin inlcude:
 
  • Metformin tablets should be taken by mouth, usually one to three times daily. The long-acting form, metformin ER, should be taken once daily with your evening meal.
     
  • Metformin should be taken with food to reduce stomach upset.
     
  • The long-acting form (metformin ER) should be swallowed whole and should not be broken or crushed.
     
  • Metformin should be taken at the same time(s) each day to maintain an even level of the drug in your blood.
     
  • For metformin to work properly, it must be taken as prescribed. Metformin will not work if you stop taking it.
     
(Metformin Continued: Page 3)

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Written by/reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD; Arthur Schoenstadt, MD
Last reviewed by: Kristi Monson, PharmD;